Political Systems

The powers of the Crown are exercised through different agencies. Some are exercised by Ministers acting singly in the Departments over which they preside, some are performed by the Privy Council and its various Committees, some by the Cabinet and some are carried on with the help of the permanent Civil Servants. It will, therefore, … Read more

Origin of the Party System in the USA. Political parties are indispensable for the working of a democratic government; without them, says MacIver, ‘‘there can be no unified statement of principle, no orderly evolution of policy, no regular resort to the constitutional device of parliamentary elections nor of course any of the recognized institutions using … Read more

Stages in Political Development of England. At the start of the Middle Ages, England was ruled by a king. The 19th century saw the political world begin to change. The United Kingdom is a unitary state with devolution governed within the framework of a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy in which the monarch. Stages in … Read more

Development of the Constitution of The UK does not have a single codified constitution; instead, the constitution is formed from several sources, including statute, common or case law, and international treaties. Even then, they had to act following the law and take into account the people’s will. Development of the UK constitution:- From the above description, we note one … Read more

The salient features of the Constitution are that it is uncodified; flexible; traditionally unitary but now debatably a union state; monarchical; parliamentary; and based on a bedrock of important constitutional doctrines and principles: parliamentary sovereignty, the rule of law, separation of powers. The Salient Features of the Constitution:- From the nature of the Constitution flow … Read more

Examples of Federal Unions: Where several states unite themselves together under common sovereignty and establish a common central government for the administration of certain affairs of general concern, or where some provinces or dependencies are by a unilateral act of their common superior transformed into largely autonomous self-governing communities, we hate a federal union, as … Read more

Confederations’ character: Definitions of confederations, like those of states, are multifarious, and no useful purpose would be served by quoting them. Most authors agree that a confederation is a union or association of states formed to promote or achieve certain specific objects, especially the maintenance of their common external security. Unlike those who unite to … Read more

Personal and Real Unions. A real union is a union of two or more states, which share some state institutions in contrast to personal unions; however, they are not as unified as states in a political. It is a development from the personal union and has historically been limited to monarchies. Personal Unions:- A personal … Read more

Nature of the British Constitution. In almost every country In the world, except the United Kingdom, the terin ‘Constitution’ means a selection or the legal rules that delineate that country’s government, which have Leen embodied in one or several documents. Such a document ray have been drawn up either by a Constituent Assembly or the … Read more

Principle of classifications of Associations and Unions of States. Some writers classify real unions, confederations, and federal unions as different forms of a “composite” state, distinguishing from a “simple” state. But this classification is unsound because real unions and confederations are not in fact states, nor is a federal union a “composite” state. Its government … Read more